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You and your are references to any user of the Website including without limitation advertisers, registered subscribers and members of the general public who visit our Website.
End
Shukla A, et al. 2020, Otolaryngology–head and neck surgery; 162(5):622-33.
Methodology
Systematic literature review to summarize the current state of the literature exploring the association between hearing loss and social isolation and/or loneliness.
Findings and Recommendations
Bott A, et al. 2021, International Journal of Audiology; 60:30-46.
Methodology
Scoping review to map and evaluate the extent, range, and nature of research examining the relationship between hearing loss, social isolation, and loneliness in adults across the lifespan
Findings and recommendations
Golub, J. S. et.al.(2019). Association of Audiometric Age-Related Hearing Loss With Depressive Symptoms Among Hispanic Individuals. JAMA otolaryngology– head & neck surgery, 145(2), 132–139
Methodology
Cross-sectional study on 5,328 Hispanic adults to investigate whether objectively measured age-related hearing loss (HL) is associated with clinically significant depressive symptoms
Findings and recommendations
Nachtegaal J, Smit JH, Smits C, et al. The association between hearing status and psychosocial health before the age of 70 years: results from an internet-based national survey on hearing. Ear Hear. 2009;30(3):302-312.
Methodology
Cross sectional cohort study of 1,511 patients
Findings and recommendations
Greenberg PE, et al. Pharmacoeconomics. 2021;39(6):653-665
Methodology
Combined original analyses and literature based estimates based on the national suvey of drug use and the Optum health administrative claim database to update costs of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) for adults in USA for 2018
Findings and recommendations
Bigelow RT, et al. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(7)e2010986.
Methodology
Cross sectional study on adults in USA using data from 2017 National Health Interview Survey, 25 665 adults included in analysis to investigate the association between HL, psychological distress, and mental health care utilization among adults in the United States.
Findings and recommendations
Huber M, et al. Ear Hear. 2025; Published online September 15, 2025.
Methodology
Cohort study in two tertiary research centers of 61 adult patients indicated for CI in Austria and Germany to investigate whether an improvement in hearing after cochlear implantation (CI) was associated with changes in depression and cognitive performance
Findings and recommendations
McIlhiney P, et al. Clin Otolaryngol. 2025;50(5):848-855.
Methodology
Controlled, observational study of 87 adults in three groups, 44 normal hearing, 26 fitted with CI and 17 with untreated hearing loss in Australia to examine how cochlear implantation affects depression, anxiety and stress levels.
Findings and recommendations
Gerst-Emerson K, et al. Loneliness as a public health issue: the impact of loneliness on health care utilization among older adults. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(5):1013–1019.
Methodology
Health and Retirement Study (HRS) of 3,530 US community-dwelling adults aged 60+ to examine whether loneliness is associated with increased health care utilization
Findings and recommendations
Sterling MR, Lin FR, Jannat-Khah DP, Goman AM, Echeverria SE, Safford MM. Hearing loss among older adults with heart failure in the United States: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;144(3):273–275
Methodology
Cross sectional analysis on US adults over 70
Findings and recommendations
Hull RH, Kerschen SR. The influence of cardiovascular health on peripheral and central auditory function in adults: a research review. American Journal of Audiology. 2010 Jun;19(1):9-16
Methodology
Comparative research review
Findings and recommendations
Papadopoulou AM, Papouliakos S, Karkos P, Chaidas K. The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on the incidence, severity, and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL): a systematic review. Cureus. 2024;16(4):e58377
Methodology
Systematic literature review of 24 studies with 61,060 patients
Findings and recommendations
Wang C, Xu F, Chen M, Chen X, Li C, Sun X, Zhang Y, et al. Association of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome with hearing loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol. 2022;13:1017982
Methodology
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 studies with 7,867 participants
Findings and recommendations
Jo YS, Lee JM. Assessing the impact of apnea duration on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and hearing loss. PLoS One. 2024;19(12):e0315580
Methodology
Retrospective chart review of 90 patients
Findings and recommendations
Kayabasi, S., Hizli, O. & Yildirim, G. The association between obstructive sleep apnea and hearing loss: a cross-sectional analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276, 2215–2221 (2019)
Methodology
Study on 120 patients divided into four groups depending on the severity of the sleep apnea.
Findings and recommendations
Gopinath B, Flood VM, Teber E, McMahon CM, Mitchell P. Dietary intake of cholesterol is positively associated, and use of cholesterol-lowering medication is negatively associated with prevalent age-related hearing loss. J Nutr. 2011;141(7):1355–1361
Methodology
Population based cohort study of 2,447 adults
Findings and recommendations
Silky S, Singh V, Gupta DK, Chaudhary AK, Yadav R, Kumar R, Siva S, Jain RK. A study of relationship between serum lipids and sensorineural hearing loss. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023;75(Suppl 2):S578–S583.
Methodology
Cross sectional observational study of 150 patients aged 15-60 with hearing loss
Findings and recommendations
Yu Y, Yang ZC, Wang LX. Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and sensorineural hearing loss in community-dwelling adults: an NHANES analysis. Yonsei Med J. 2024;65(12):741–751.
Methodology
Cross sectional analysis of 1,148 US aduts
Findings and recommendations
Ramatsoma H, Patrick SM. Hypertension associated with hearing loss and tinnitus among hypertensive adults at a tertiary hospital in South Africa. Front Neurol. 2022;13:857600
Methodology
Quantitative cross-sectional study of 106 hypertensive adults and 92 sex- and age-matched controls
Findings and recommendations
Toyama K, Mogi M. Hypertension and the development of hearing loss. Hypertens Res. 2022;45:172–174
Methodology
Commentary to study by Miyata et al.
Findings and recommendations
Hou Y, Liu B. Relationship Between Hypertension and Hearing Loss: Analysis of the Related Factors. Clin Interv Aging. 2024;19:845–856.
Methodology
Observational study of 517 adult patients with and without hypertension
Findings and recommendations
Agmon M, Lavie L, Doumas M. The Association between Hearing Loss, Postural Control, and Mobility in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology. 2017;28(6):575-88.
Methodology
Systematic literature review to systematically review the evidence on the relationship between hearing loss (HL) and postural control/mobility in older adults
Findings and recommendations
Foster JL et al., Trends Hear. 2022;26:23312165221144155.
Methodology
Systematic review and meta-analysis on adults aged ≥60 years with hearing loss and objective measures of postural stability or gait. 27,847 across 25 studies in multiple countries
Findings and recommendations
Haddad YK, et al., Inj Prev. 2024; 30(4):272-276.
Methodology
Observational study using estimated health expenditures on 9,199 patients in USA
Findings and recommendations
Goman AM et al., Lancet Public Health. 2025;10(6):e492-e502
Methodology
Secondary analysis of the ACHIEVE randomized controlled trial on 977 adults aged 70-84 in USA
Findings and recommendations
Louza J, et al. Audiol Neurotol. 2019;24(5):245-252
Methodology
Prospective clinical trial on 33 adults in Germany with CI assessing postural control.
Findings and recommendations
Lin FR, Metter EJ, O’Brien RJ, Resnick SM, Zonderman AB, Ferrucci L. Hearing loss and incident dementia. Arch Neurol. 2011;68(2):214-220.
Methodology
Prospective cohort study of 639 dementia-free US participants aged 36–90 to investigate whether hearing loss is prospectively associated with the development of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in older adults.
Findings and recommendations
Yu RC, Proctor D, Soni J, et al. Adult-onset hearing loss and incident cognitive impairment and dementia – A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Ageing Res Rev. 2024;98:102346
Methodology
Systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate whether adult-onset hearing loss is associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia
Findings and recommendations
Livingston G, Huntley J, Liu KY, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission. Lancet. 2024;404(10452):572-628.
Methodology
Synthesize findings from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cohort studies, and RCT’s to update the 2020 report with new evidence on dementia prevention
Findings and recommendations
Wimo A, Seeher K, Cataldi R, et al. The worldwide costs of dementia in 2019. Alzheimers Dement. 2023;19(7):2865-2873. doi:10.1002/alz.12901
Methodology
Leverage prevalence data from IHME and UN population datasets to estimate the global societal costs of dementia in 2019
Findings and recommendations
Mukadam N, Anderson R, Knapp M, et al. Effective interventions for potentially modifiable risk factors for late-onset dementia: a costs and cost-effectiveness modelling study. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2020;1(1):e13-e20.
Methodology
Cost modelling study to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of interventions targeting nine modifiable risk factors for late-onset dementia
Findings and recommendations
Seo HW, Ryu S, Han SY, Lee SH, Chung JH. Cochlear Implantation Is Associated With Reduced Incidence of Dementia in Severe Hearing Loss. Ear Hear. 2025;46(5):1189-1196.
Methodology
Observational population study on 52,219 South Korean adults with severe hearing loss and 1,280,788 individuals with normal hearing to investigate whether auditory rehabilitation—specifically cochlear implants (CI) and hearing aids (HA)—reduces the long-term risk of dementia
Findings and recommendations
Huddle, M. G., Goman, A. M., Kernizan, F. C., Foley, D. M., Price, C., Frick, K. D., & Lin, F. R. (2017). The Economic Impact of Adult Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, 143(10), 1040–1048
Methodology
Systematic literature review to systematically review and summarize existing data on the direct and indirect economic costs associated with adult hearing impairment
Findings and recommendations
Mohr, P. E., Feldman, J. J., Dunbar, J. L., McConkey-Robbins, A., Niparko, J. K., Rittenhouse, R. K., & Skinner, M. W. (2000). The Societal Costs of Severe to Profound Hearing Loss in the United States. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 16(4), 1120–1135.
Methods
Incidence-based cohort-survival model using a Markov process to provide a comprehensive, national estimate of the lifetime economic burden of severe to profound hearing impairment (HI) in the U.S
Findings and recommendations
Shukla A, et al. 2020, Hearing loss, Loneliness and social isolation: a systematic review. Otolaryngology–head and neck surgery; 162(5):622-33.
Methodology
Systematic literature review to summarize the current state of the literature exploring the association between hearing loss and social isolation and/or loneliness.
Findings and Recommendations
Bott A, et al. 2021, International Journal of Audiology; 60:30-46.
Methodology
Scoping review to map and evaluate the extent, range, and nature of research examining the relationship between hearing loss, social isolation, and loneliness in adults across the lifespan.
Findings and recommendations
Golub, J. S. et.al.(2019). Association of Audiometric Age-Related Hearing Loss With Depressive Symptoms Among Hispanic Individuals. JAMA otolaryngology– head & neck surgery, 145(2), 132–139
Methodology
Cross-sectional study on 5,328 Hispanic adults to investigate whether an association exists between objective audiometric hearing loss and depression symptoms in older Hispanic adults.
Findings and recommendations
Nachtegaal J, Smit JH, Smits C, et al. The association between hearing status and psychosocial health before the age of 70 years: results from an internet-based national survey on hearing. Ear Hear. 2009;30(3):302-312.
Methodology
Cross-sectional study on 1511 participants where psychosocial health was assessed using a set of online questions.
Findings and recommendations
Ray J, et al. Association of cognition and age-related hearing impairment in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018;144(10): 876–882.
Methodology
Cross-sectional analysis on 7,385 English adults to examine the link between age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) and cognitive decline in older adults in the UK
Findings and recommendations
Gerst-Emerson K, et al. Loneliness as a public health issue: the impact of loneliness on health care utilization among older adults. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(5):1013–1019.
Methodology
Health and Retirement Study (HRS) of 3,530 US community-dwelling adults aged 60+ to examine whether loneliness is associated with increased health care utilization
Findings and recommendations
Flowers L, Shaw J, Farid M. Medicare spends more on socially isolated older adults. Insight on the Issues. Nov 2017.
Methodology
Health and Retirement Study (HRS) of 5,270 US community-dwelling adults aged 65+ to investigate whether social isolation among older adults is associated with increased Medicare spending.
Findings and recommendations
Hori K, Shah R, Paladugu A, et al. Social Outcomes Among Adults With Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2025;151(8):806-816. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2025.1777
Methodology
Systematic literature review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of hearing rehabilitation devices
Findings and recommendations
Bainbridge KE, Cowie CC, Gonzalez F 2nd, Hoffman HJ, Dinces E, Stamler J, Cruickshanks KJ. Risk factors for hearing impairment among adults with diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2016;6:15–22.
Methodology
Cross-sectional analysis of 3,384 adults with diabetes
Findings and recommendations
Caballero-Borrego M, Andujar-Lara I. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hearing loss: A PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2025;173(5):1041–1053
Methodology
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 17 papers
Findings and recommendations
Deng Y, Chen S, Hu J. Diabetes mellitus and hearing loss. Mol Med. 2023;29(1):141.
Methodology
Narrative review
Findings and recommendations
Villarroel, M. A. B. D., Blackwell, D. L., & Jen, A. (2019). Tables of summary health statistics for U.S. adults: 2018 National Health Interview Survey. National Center for Health Statistics
Methodology:
Health statistics from US
Findings and Recommendations
Simpson AN, Matthews LJ, Cassarly C, Dubno JR. Time From Hearing Aid Candidacy to Hearing Aid Adoption: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Ear Hear. 2019 May/Jun;40(3):468-476.
Objective:
Assess time from hearing aid candidacy to adoption
Methodology:
Longitudinal study of 1,530 adults in US
Findings and Recommendations
ASHA audiology information series, comorbidities and hearing loss. ASHA 2021.
Objective:
Summarise risk factors and health impact from hearing loss
Methodology:
Informational review
Findings and Recommendations
Reed NS, Altan A, Deal JA, et al. Trends in Health Care Costs and Utilization Associated With Untreated Hearing Loss Over 10 Years. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;145(1):27–34.
Objective:
Evaluate if untreated hearing loss associated with higher health care costs and utilization
Methodology:
Retrospective study of insurance database of 154.414 subjects
Findings and Recommendations
Rein DB et al. The prevalence of bilateral hearing loss in the United States in 2019: a small area estimation modelling approach for obtaining national, state, and county level estimates by demographic subgroup. The Lancet regional health, v30, 2024.
Objective:
Re-estimate rates of bilateral hearing loss Nationally, and create new estimates of hearing loss prevalence at the U.S. State and County levels
Methodology:
Small Area Estimation Modelling
Findings and Recommendations
